Pronounced interannual variability in tropical South Pacific temperatures during Heinrich Stadial 1

Thomas Felis (), Ute Merkel, Ryuji Asami, Pierre Deschamps, Ed C. Hathorne, Martin Kölling, Edouard Bard, Guy Cabioch, Nicolas Durand, Matthias Prange, Michael Schulz, Sri Yudawati Cahyarini and Miriam Pfeiffer
Additional contact information
Thomas Felis: MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen
Ute Merkel: MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen
Ryuji Asami: Trans-disciplinary Research Organization for Subtropical Island Studies (TRO-SIS), University of the Ryukyus
Pierre Deschamps: CEREGE, UMR 6635, Aix-Marseille Universités, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France
Ed C. Hathorne: MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen
Martin Kölling: MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen
Edouard Bard: CEREGE, UMR 6635, Aix-Marseille Universités, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France
Guy Cabioch: IPSL, LOCEAN, UPMC, CNRS, IRD, MNHN, Centre Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
Nicolas Durand: CEREGE, UMR 6635, Aix-Marseille Universités, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France
Matthias Prange: MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen
Michael Schulz: MARUM—Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, University of Bremen
Sri Yudawati Cahyarini: Research Centre for Geotechnology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)
Miriam Pfeiffer: Geological Institute, RWTH Aachen University

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract The early last glacial termination was characterized by intense North Atlantic cooling and weak overturning circulation. This interval between ~18,000 and 14,600 years ago, known as Heinrich Stadial 1, was accompanied by a disruption of global climate and has been suggested as a key factor for the termination. However, the response of interannual climate variability in the tropical Pacific (El Niño-Southern Oscillation) to Heinrich Stadial 1 is poorly understood. Here we use Sr/Ca in a fossil Tahiti coral to reconstruct tropical South Pacific sea surface temperature around 15,000 years ago at monthly resolution. Unlike today, interannual South Pacific sea surface temperature variability at typical El Niño-Southern Oscillation periods was pronounced at Tahiti. Our results indicate that the El Niño-Southern Oscillation was active during Heinrich Stadial 1, consistent with climate model simulations of enhanced El Niño-Southern Oscillation variability at that time. Furthermore, a greater El Niño-Southern Oscillation influence in the South Pacific during Heinrich Stadial 1 is suggested, resulting from a southward expansion or shift of El Niño-Southern Oscillation sea surface temperature anomalies.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1973

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