Symmetry breaking in the formation of magnetic vortex states in a permalloy nanodisk

Mi-Young Im (), Peter Fischer, Keisuke Yamada, Tomonori Sato, Shinya Kasai, Yoshinobu Nakatani and Teruo Ono
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Mi-Young Im: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Peter Fischer: Center for X-ray Optics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Keisuke Yamada: Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
Tomonori Sato: Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications
Shinya Kasai: Spintronics Group, Magnetic Material Center, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
Yoshinobu Nakatani: Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, University of Electro-Communications
Teruo Ono: Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract The magnetic vortex in nanopatterned elements is currently attracting enormous interest. A priori, one would assume that the formation of magnetic vortex states should exhibit a perfect symmetry, because the magnetic vortex has four degenerate states. Here we show the first direct observation of an asymmetric phenomenon in the formation process of vortex states in a permalloy nanodisk using high-resolution full-field magnetic transmission soft X-ray microscopy. Micromagnetic simulations confirm that the intrinsic Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, which arises from the spin-orbit coupling due to the lack of inversion symmetry near the disk surface, as well as surface-related extrinsic factors, is decisive for the asymmetric formation of vortex states.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1978

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