Highly stable Pt monolayer on PdAu nanoparticle electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

Kotaro Sasaki (), Hideo Naohara, YongMan Choi, Yun Cai, Wei-Fu Chen, Ping Liu and Radoslav R. Adzic
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Kotaro Sasaki: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Hideo Naohara: Toyota Motor Corporation
YongMan Choi: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Yun Cai: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Wei-Fu Chen: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Ping Liu: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.
Radoslav R. Adzic: Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA.

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Stability is one of the main requirements for commercializing fuel cell electrocatalysts for automotive applications. Platinum is the best-known catalyst for oxygen reduction in cathodes, but it undergoes dissolution during potential changes while driving electric vehicles, thus hampering commercial adoption. Here we report a new class of highly stable, active electrocatalysts comprising platinum monolayers on palladium–gold alloy nanoparticles. In fuel-cell tests, this electrocatalyst with its ultra-low platinum content showed minimal degradation in activity over 100,000 cycles between potentials 0.6 and 1.0 V. Under more severe conditions with a potential range of 0.6–1.4 V, again we registered no marked losses in platinum and gold despite the dissolution of palladium. These data coupled with theoretical analyses demonstrated that adding a small amount of gold to palladium and forming highly uniform nanoparticle cores make the platinum monolayer electrocatalyst significantly tolerant and very promising for the automotive application of fuel cells.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2124

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