The genetic prehistory of southern Africa

Joseph K. Pickrell (), Nick Patterson, Chiara Barbieri, Falko Berthold, Linda Gerlach, Tom Güldemann, Blesswell Kure, Sununguko Wata Mpoloka, Hirosi Nakagawa, Christfried Naumann, Mark Lipson, Po-Ru Loh, Joseph Lachance, Joanna Mountain, Carlos D. Bustamante, Bonnie Berger, Sarah A. Tishkoff, Brenna M. Henn, Mark Stoneking, David Reich () and Brigitte Pakendorf ()
Additional contact information
Joseph K. Pickrell: Harvard Medical School
Nick Patterson: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
Chiara Barbieri: Max Planck Research Group on Comparative Population Linguistics, MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology
Falko Berthold: Max Planck Research Group on Comparative Population Linguistics, MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology
Linda Gerlach: Max Planck Research Group on Comparative Population Linguistics, MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology
Tom Güldemann: Seminar für Afrikawissenschaften, Humboldt University
Blesswell Kure: Aarhus University
Sununguko Wata Mpoloka: University of Botswana
Hirosi Nakagawa: Institute of Global Studies, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies
Christfried Naumann: Seminar für Afrikawissenschaften, Humboldt University
Mark Lipson: MIT
Po-Ru Loh: MIT
Joseph Lachance: University of Pennsylvania
Joanna Mountain: 23andMe, Inc.
Carlos D. Bustamante: Stanford University
Bonnie Berger: MIT
Sarah A. Tishkoff: University of Pennsylvania
Brenna M. Henn: Stanford University
Mark Stoneking: MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology
David Reich: Harvard Medical School
Brigitte Pakendorf: Max Planck Research Group on Comparative Population Linguistics, MPI for Evolutionary Anthropology

Nature Communications, 2012, vol. 3, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Southern and eastern African populations that speak non-Bantu languages with click consonants are known to harbour some of the most ancient genetic lineages in humans, but their relationships are poorly understood. Here, we report data from 23 populations analysed at over half a million single-nucleotide polymorphisms, using a genome-wide array designed for studying human history. The southern African Khoisan fall into two genetic groups, loosely corresponding to the northwestern and southeastern Kalahari, which we show separated within the last 30,000 years. We find that all individuals derive at least a few percent of their genomes from admixture with non-Khoisan populations that began ∼1,200 years ago. In addition, the East African Hadza and Sandawe derive a fraction of their ancestry from admixture with a population related to the Khoisan, supporting the hypothesis of an ancient link between southern and eastern Africa.

Date: 2012
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2140

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