Extensive diversification of IgH subclass-encoding genes and IgM subclass switching in crocodilians

Gang Cheng, Yang Gao, Tao Wang, Yi Sun, Zhiguo Wei, Lingxiao Li, Liming Ren, Ying Guo, Xiaoxiang Hu, Yan Lu, Xumin Wang, Guiming Liu, Chenglin Zhang, Jun Yu, Qiang Pan-Hammarström, Lennart Hammarström, Xiaobing Wu, Ning Li and Yaofeng Zhao ()
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Gang Cheng: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Yang Gao: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Tao Wang: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Yi Sun: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Zhiguo Wei: College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology
Lingxiao Li: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Liming Ren: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Ying Guo: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Xiaoxiang Hu: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Xumin Wang: Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Guiming Liu: Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jun Yu: Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Qiang Pan-Hammarström: Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge
Lennart Hammarström: Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge
Xiaobing Wu: College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources
Ning Li: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University
Yaofeng Zhao: State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, China Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Crocodilians are a group of reptiles that are closely related to birds and are thought to possess a strong immune system. Here we report that the IgH locus in the Siamese crocodile and the Chinese alligator contains multiple μ genes, in contrast to other tetrapods. Both the μ2 and μ3 genes are expressed through class-switch recombination involving the switch region and germline transcription. Both IgM1 and IgM2 are present in the serum as polymers, which implies that IgM class switching may have significant roles in humoural immunity. The crocodilian α genes are the first IgA-encoding genes identified in reptiles, and these genes show an inverted transcriptional orientation similar to that of birds. The identification of both α and δ genes in crocodilians suggests that the IgH loci of modern living mammals, reptiles and birds share a common ancestral organization.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2317

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