Quantum-coupled radial-breathing oscillations in double-walled carbon nanotubes

Kaihui Liu, Xiaoping Hong, Muhong Wu, Fajun Xiao, Wenlong Wang, Xuedong Bai, Joel W. Ager, Shaul Aloni, Alex Zettl, Enge Wang and Feng Wang ()
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Kaihui Liu: University of California at Berkeley
Xiaoping Hong: University of California at Berkeley
Muhong Wu: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fajun Xiao: University of California at Berkeley
Wenlong Wang: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xuedong Bai: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Joel W. Ager: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Shaul Aloni: The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Alex Zettl: University of California at Berkeley
Enge Wang: International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University
Feng Wang: University of California at Berkeley

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Van der Waals-coupled materials, ranging from multilayers of graphene and MoS2 to superlattices of nanoparticles, exhibit rich emerging behaviour owing to quantum coupling between individual nanoscale constituents. Double-walled carbon nanotubes provide a model system for studying such quantum coupling mediated by van der Waals interactions, because each constituent single-walled nanotube can have distinctly different physical structures and electronic properties. Here we systematically investigate quantum-coupled radial-breathing mode oscillations in chirality-defined double-walled nanotubes by combining simultaneous structural, electronic and vibrational characterizations on the same individual nanotubes. We show that these radial-breathing oscillations are collective modes characterized by concerted inner- and outer-wall motions, and determine quantitatively the tube-dependent van der Waals potential governing their vibration frequencies. We also observe strong quantum interference between Raman scattering from the inner- and outer-wall excitation pathways, the relative phase of which reveals chirality-dependent excited-state potential energy surface displacement in different nanotubes.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2367

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