Three-photon bosonic coalescence in an integrated tritter

Nicolò Spagnolo, Chiara Vitelli, Lorenzo Aparo, Paolo Mataloni, Fabio Sciarrino (), Andrea Crespi, Roberta Ramponi and Roberto Osellame ()
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Nicolò Spagnolo: Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5
Chiara Vitelli: Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5
Lorenzo Aparo: Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5
Paolo Mataloni: Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5
Fabio Sciarrino: Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5
Andrea Crespi: Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32
Roberta Ramponi: Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32
Roberto Osellame: Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (IFN-CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract The main features of quantum mechanics reside in interference deriving from the superposition of different quantum states. While current quantum optical technology enables two-photon interference both in bulk and integrated systems, simultaneous interference of more than two particles, leading to richer quantum phenomena, is still a challenging task. Here we report the experimental observation of three-photon interference in an integrated three-port directional coupler realized by ultrafast laser writing. By exploiting the capability of this technique to produce three-dimensional structures, we realized and tested in the quantum regime a three-port beam splitter, namely a tritter, which allowed us to observe bosonic coalescence of three photons. These results open new important perspectives in many areas of quantum information, such as fundamental tests of quantum mechanics with increasing number of photons, quantum state engineering, quantum sensing and quantum simulation.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2616

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