Graphene-modified LiFePO4 cathode for lithium ion battery beyond theoretical capacity

By Lung-Hao Hu, Feng-Yu Wu, Cheng-Te Lin, Andrei N. Khlobystov and Lain-Jong Li ()
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By Lung-Hao Hu: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica
Feng-Yu Wu: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica
Cheng-Te Lin: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica
Andrei N. Khlobystov: School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham
Lain-Jong Li: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract The specific capacity of commercially available cathode carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate is typically 120–160 mAh g−1, which is lower than the theoretical value 170 mAh g−1. Here we report that the carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate, surface-modified with 2 wt% of the electrochemically exfoliated graphene layers, is able to reach 208 mAh g−1 in specific capacity. The excess capacity is attributed to the reversible reduction–oxidation reaction between the lithium ions of the electrolyte and the exfoliated graphene flakes, where the graphene flakes exhibit a capacity higher than 2,000 mAh g−1. The highly conductive graphene flakes wrapping around carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate also assist the electron migration during the charge/discharge processes, diminishing the irreversible capacity at the first cycle and leading to ~100% coulombic efficiency without fading at various C-rates. Such a simple and scalable approach may also be applied to other cathode systems, boosting up the capacity for various Li batteries.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2705

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