Toll-like receptor 3 recognizes incomplete stem structures in single-stranded viral RNA

Megumi Tatematsu, Fumiko Nishikawa, Tsukasa Seya and Misako Matsumoto ()
Additional contact information
Megumi Tatematsu: Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
Fumiko Nishikawa: Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
Tsukasa Seya: Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine
Misako Matsumoto: Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Endosomal Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) serves as a sensor of viral infection and sterile tissue necrosis. Although TLR3 recognizes double-stranded RNA, little is known about structural features of virus- or host-derived RNAs that activate TLR3 in infection/inflammatory states. Here we demonstrate that poliovirus-derived single-stranded RNA segments harbouring stem structures with bulge/internal loops are potent TLR3 agonists. Functional poliovirus-RNAs are resistant to degradation and efficiently induce interferon-α/β and proinflammatory cytokines in human and mouse cells in a TLR3-dependent manner. The N- and C-terminal double-stranded RNA-binding sites of TLR3 are required for poliovirus-RNA-mediated TLR3 activation. Like polyriboinosinic:polyribocytidylic acid, a synthetic double-stranded RNA, these RNAs are internalized into cells via raftlin-mediated endocytosis and colocalized with TLR3. Raftlin-associated RNA uptake machinery and the TLR3 RNA-sensing system appear to recognize an appropriate topology of multiple RNA duplexes in poliovirus-RNAs. Hence, TLR3 is a sensor of extracellular viral/host RNA with stable stem structures derived from infection or inflammation-damaged cells.

Date: 2013
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2857 Abstract (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:4:y:2013:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms2857

Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
https://www.nature.com/ncomms/

DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2857

Access Statistics for this article

Nature Communications is currently edited by Nathalie Le Bot, Enda Bergin and Fiona Gillespie

More articles in Nature Communications from Nature
Bibliographic data for series maintained by Sonal Shukla () and Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing ().