Phosphorylation of BLUS1 kinase by phototropins is a primary step in stomatal opening

Atsushi Takemiya, Naoyuki Sugiyama, Hiroshi Fujimoto, Toshifumi Tsutsumi, Shota Yamauchi, Asami Hiyama, Yasuomi Tada, John M. Christie and Ken-ichiro Shimazaki ()
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Atsushi Takemiya: Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
Naoyuki Sugiyama: Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University
Hiroshi Fujimoto: Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
Toshifumi Tsutsumi: Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
Shota Yamauchi: Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
Asami Hiyama: Faculty of Science, Kyushu University
Yasuomi Tada: Life Science Research Center, Institute of Research Promotion, Kagawa University
John M. Christie: Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow
Ken-ichiro Shimazaki: Faculty of Science, Kyushu University

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Opening of stomata in the plant facilitates photosynthetic CO2 fixation and transpiration. Blue-light perception by phototropins (phot1, phot2) activates the plasma membrane H+-ATPase, causing stomata to open. Here we describe a regulator that connects these components, a Ser/Thr protein kinase, BLUS1 (BLU E LIGHT S IGNALING 1), which mediates a primary step for phototropin signalling in guard cells. blus1 mutants identified by infrared thermography result in a loss of blue light-dependent stomatal opening. BLUS1 encodes a protein kinase that is directly phosphorylated by phot1 in vitro and in vivo at Ser-348 within its C-terminus. Both phosphorylation of Ser-348 and BLUS1 kinase activity are essential for activation of the H+-ATPase. blus1 mutants show lower stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation than wild-type plants under decreased ambient CO2. Together, our analyses demonstrate that BLUS1 functions as a phototropin substrate and primary regulator of stomatal control to enhance photosynthetic CO2 assimilation under natural light conditions.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3094

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