A nanostructured cathode architecture for low charge overpotential in lithium-oxygen batteries

Jun Lu, Yu Lei, Kah Chun Lau, Xiangyi Luo, Peng Du, Jianguo Wen, Rajeev S. Assary, Ujjal Das, Dean J. Miller, Jeffrey W. Elam, Hassan M. Albishri, D Abd El-Hady, Yang-Kook Sun (), Larry A. Curtiss () and Khalil Amine ()
Additional contact information
Jun Lu: Argonne National Laboratory
Yu Lei: Argonne National Laboratory
Kah Chun Lau: Argonne National Laboratory
Xiangyi Luo: Argonne National Laboratory
Peng Du: Argonne National Laboratory
Jianguo Wen: Electron Microscopy Center, Argonne National Laboratory
Rajeev S. Assary: Argonne National Laboratory
Ujjal Das: Argonne National Laboratory
Dean J. Miller: Electron Microscopy Center, Argonne National Laboratory
Jeffrey W. Elam: Argonne National Laboratory
Hassan M. Albishri: Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University
D Abd El-Hady: Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University
Yang-Kook Sun: Hanyang University
Larry A. Curtiss: Argonne National Laboratory
Khalil Amine: Argonne National Laboratory

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The lithium-oxygen battery, of much interest because of its very high-energy density, presents many challenges, one of which is a high-charge overpotential that results in large inefficiencies. Here we report a cathode architecture based on nanoscale components that results in a dramatic reduction in charge overpotential to ~0.2 V. The cathode utilizes atomic layer deposition of palladium nanoparticles on a carbon surface with an alumina coating for passivation of carbon defect sites. The low charge potential is enabled by the combination of palladium nanoparticles attached to the carbon cathode surface, a nanocrystalline form of lithium peroxide with grain boundaries, and the alumina coating preventing electrolyte decomposition on carbon. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy provides evidence for the nanocrystalline form of lithium peroxide. The new cathode material architecture provides the basis for future development of lithium-oxygen cathode materials that can be used to improve the efficiency and to extend cycle life.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3383

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