The tiger genome and comparative analysis with lion and snow leopard genomes

Yun Sung Cho, Li Hu, Haolong Hou, Hang Lee, Jiaohui Xu, Soowhan Kwon, Sukhun Oh, Hak-Min Kim, Sungwoong Jho, Sangsoo Kim, Young-Ah Shin, Byung Chul Kim, Hyunmin Kim, Chang-uk Kim, Shu-Jin Luo, Warren E. Johnson, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Anne Schmidt-Küntzel, Jason A. Turner, Laurie Marker, Cindy Harper, Susan M. Miller, Wilhelm Jacobs, Laura D. Bertola, Tae Hyung Kim, Sunghoon Lee, Qian Zhou, Hyun-Ju Jung, Xiao Xu, Priyvrat Gadhvi, Pengwei Xu, Yingqi Xiong, Yadan Luo, Shengkai Pan, Caiyun Gou, Xiuhui Chu, Jilin Zhang, Sanyang Liu, Jing He, Ying Chen, Linfeng Yang, Yulan Yang, Jiaju He, Sha Liu, Junyi Wang, Chul Hong Kim, Hwanjong Kwak, Jong-Soo Kim, Seungwoo Hwang, Junsu Ko, Chang-Bae Kim, Sangtae Kim, Damdin Bayarlkhagva, Woon Kee Paek, Seong-Jin Kim, Stephen J. O’Brien (), Jun Wang () and Jong Bhak ()
Additional contact information
Yun Sung Cho: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Li Hu: BGI-Shenzhen
Haolong Hou: BGI-Shenzhen
Hang Lee: Tiger and Leopard Conservation Fund in Korea and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University
Jiaohui Xu: BGI-Shenzhen
Soowhan Kwon: Samsung Everland Zoo
Sukhun Oh: Samsung Everland Zoo
Hak-Min Kim: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Sungwoong Jho: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Sangsoo Kim: School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University
Young-Ah Shin: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Byung Chul Kim: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Hyunmin Kim: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Chang-uk Kim: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Shu-Jin Luo: Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University
Warren E. Johnson: Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute
Klaus-Peter Koepfli: Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St Petersburg State University
Anne Schmidt-Küntzel: Life Technologies Conservation Genetics Laboratory, Cheetah Conservation Fund
Jason A. Turner: Global White Lion Protection Trust, Tsau Conservancy, Greater Timbavati Region
Laurie Marker: Cheetah Conservation Fund
Cindy Harper: Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria
Susan M. Miller: Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria
Wilhelm Jacobs: Ukutula Lodge & Lion Centre
Laura D. Bertola: Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University
Tae Hyung Kim: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Sunghoon Lee: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Qian Zhou: BGI-Shenzhen
Hyun-Ju Jung: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Xiao Xu: Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Peking University
Priyvrat Gadhvi: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Pengwei Xu: BGI-Shenzhen
Yingqi Xiong: BGI-Shenzhen
Yadan Luo: BGI-Shenzhen
Shengkai Pan: BGI-Shenzhen
Caiyun Gou: BGI-Shenzhen
Xiuhui Chu: BGI-Shenzhen
Jilin Zhang: BGI-Shenzhen
Sanyang Liu: BGI-Shenzhen
Jing He: BGI-Shenzhen
Ying Chen: BGI-Shenzhen
Linfeng Yang: BGI-Shenzhen
Yulan Yang: BGI-Shenzhen
Jiaju He: BGI-Shenzhen
Sha Liu: BGI-Shenzhen
Junyi Wang: BGI-Shenzhen
Chul Hong Kim: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Hwanjong Kwak: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Jong-Soo Kim: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation
Seungwoo Hwang: Korean Bioinformation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
Junsu Ko: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Chang-Bae Kim: Sangmyung University
Sangtae Kim: Sungshin Women’s University
Damdin Bayarlkhagva: School of Biology and Biotechnology, National University of Mongolia
Woon Kee Paek: National Science Museum
Seong-Jin Kim: Theragen BiO Institute, TheragenEtex
Stephen J. O’Brien: Theodosius Dobzhansky Center for Genome Bioinformatics, St Petersburg State University
Jun Wang: BGI-Shenzhen
Jong Bhak: Personal Genomics Institute, Genome Research Foundation

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Tigers and their close relatives (Panthera) are some of the world’s most endangered species. Here we report the de novo assembly of an Amur tiger whole-genome sequence as well as the genomic sequences of a white Bengal tiger, African lion, white African lion and snow leopard. Through comparative genetic analyses of these genomes, we find genetic signatures that may reflect molecular adaptations consistent with the big cats’ hypercarnivorous diet and muscle strength. We report a snow leopard-specific genetic determinant in EGLN1 (Met39>Lys39), which is likely to be associated with adaptation to high altitude. We also detect a TYR260G>A mutation likely responsible for the white lion coat colour. Tiger and cat genomes show similar repeat composition and an appreciably conserved synteny. Genomic data from the five big cats provide an invaluable resource for resolving easily identifiable phenotypes evident in very close, but distinct, species.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3433

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