Hydrogenosomes in the diplomonad Spironucleus salmonicida

Jon Jerlström-Hultqvist (), Elin Einarsson, Feifei Xu, Karin Hjort, Bo Ek, Daniel Steinhauf, Kjell Hultenby, Jonas Bergquist, Jan O. Andersson and Staffan G. Svärd
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Jon Jerlström-Hultqvist: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Elin Einarsson: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Feifei Xu: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Karin Hjort: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Bo Ek: Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 599, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Daniel Steinhauf: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Kjell Hultenby: Karolinska Institutet, EMIL enheten, F52, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
Jonas Bergquist: Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 599, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Jan O. Andersson: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
Staffan G. Svärd: Uppsala University, BMC, Box 596, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Acquisition of the mitochondrion is a key event in the evolution of the eukaryotic cell, but diversification of the organelle has occurred during eukaryotic evolution. One example of such mitochondria-related organelles (MROs) are hydrogenosomes, which produce ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation with hydrogen as a byproduct. The diplomonad parasite Giardia intestinalis harbours mitosomes, another type of MRO. Here we identify MROs in the salmon parasite Spironucleus salmonicida with similar protein import and Fe–S cluster assembly machineries as in Giardia mitosomes. We find that hydrogen production is prevalent in the diplomonad genus Spironucleus, and that S. salmonicida MROs contain enzymes characteristic of hydrogenosomes. Evolutionary analyses of known hydrogenosomal components indicate their presence in the diplomonad ancestor, and subsequent loss in Giardia. Our results suggest that hydrogenosomes are metabolic adaptations predating the split between parabasalids and diplomonads, which is deeper than the split between animals and fungi in the eukaryotic tree.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3493

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