The genome of Mesobuthus martensii reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods

Zhijian Cao, Yao Yu, Yingliang Wu, Pei Hao, Zhiyong Di, Yawen He, Zongyun Chen, Weishan Yang, Zhiyong Shen, Xiaohua He, Jia Sheng, Xiaobo Xu, Bohu Pan, Jing Feng, Xiaojuan Yang, Wei Hong, Wenjuan Zhao, Zhongjie Li, Kai Huang, Tian Li, Yimeng Kong, Hui Liu, Dahe Jiang, Binyan Zhang, Jun Hu, Youtian Hu, Bin Wang, Jianliang Dai, Bifeng Yuan, Yuqi Feng, Wei Huang, Xiaojing Xing, Guoping Zhao, Xuan Li (), Yixue Li () and Wenxin Li ()
Additional contact information
Zhijian Cao: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Yao Yu: Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yingliang Wu: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Pei Hao: Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zhiyong Di: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Yawen He: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Zongyun Chen: Center for BioDrug Research, Wuhan University
Weishan Yang: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Zhiyong Shen: Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaohua He: School of Medicine, Wuhan University
Jia Sheng: Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology
Xiaobo Xu: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Bohu Pan: Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jing Feng: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Xiaojuan Yang: Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology
Wei Hong: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Wenjuan Zhao: Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology
Zhongjie Li: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Kai Huang: Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology
Tian Li: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Yimeng Kong: Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hui Liu: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Dahe Jiang: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Binyan Zhang: Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology
Jun Hu: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Youtian Hu: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Bin Wang: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University
Jianliang Dai: Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai Academy of Science and Technology
Bifeng Yuan: College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
Yuqi Feng: College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
Wei Huang: College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
Xiaojing Xing: College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University
Guoping Zhao: Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xuan Li: Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yixue Li: Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wenxin Li: State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University

Nature Communications, 2013, vol. 4, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Representing a basal branch of arachnids, scorpions are known as ‘living fossils’ that maintain an ancient anatomy and are adapted to have survived extreme climate changes. Here we report the genome sequence of Mesobuthus martensii, containing 32,016 protein-coding genes, the most among sequenced arthropods. Although M. martensii appears to evolve conservatively, it has a greater gene family turnover than the insects that have undergone diverse morphological and physiological changes, suggesting the decoupling of the molecular and morphological evolution in scorpions. Underlying the long-term adaptation of scorpions is the expansion of the gene families enriched in basic metabolic pathways, signalling pathways, neurotoxins and cytochrome P450, and the different dynamics of expansion between the shared and the scorpion lineage-specific gene families. Genomic and transcriptomic analyses further illustrate the important genetic features associated with prey, nocturnal behaviour, feeding and detoxification. The M. martensii genome reveals a unique adaptation model of arthropods, offering new insights into the genetic bases of the living fossils.

Date: 2013
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3602

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