High yield exfoliation of two-dimensional chalcogenides using sodium naphthalenide

Jian Zheng, Han Zhang, Shaohua Dong, Yanpeng Liu, Chang Tai Nai, Hyeon Suk Shin, Hu Young Jeong, Bo Liu and Kian Ping Loh ()
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Jian Zheng: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3
Han Zhang: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3
Shaohua Dong: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3
Yanpeng Liu: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3
Chang Tai Nai: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3
Hyeon Suk Shin: Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50
Hu Young Jeong: Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST-gil 50
Bo Liu: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3
Kian Ping Loh: National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Transition-metal dichalcogenides like molybdenum disulphide have attracted great interest as two-dimensional materials beyond graphene due to their unique electronic and optical properties. Solution-phase processes can be a viable method for producing printable single-layer chalcogenides. Molybdenum disulphide can be exfoliated into monolayer flakes using organolithium reduction chemistry; unfortunately, the method is hampered by low yield, submicron flake size and long lithiation time. Here we report a high-yield exfoliation process using lithium, potassium and sodium naphthalenide where an intermediate ternary LixMXn crystalline phase (X=selenium, sulphur, and so on) is produced. Using a two-step expansion and intercalation method, we produce high-quality single-layer molybdenum disulphide sheets with unprecedentedly large flake size, that is up to 400 μm2. Single-layer dichalcogenide inks prepared by this method may be directly inkjet-printed on a wide range of substrates.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3995

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