Dynamic reassortments and genetic heterogeneity of the human-infecting influenza A (H7N9) virus

Lunbiao Cui, Di Liu, Weifeng Shi, Jingcao Pan, Xian Qi, Xianbin Li, Xiling Guo, Minghao Zhou, Wei Li, Jun Li, Joel Haywood, Haixia Xiao, Xinfen Yu, Xiaoying Pu, Ying Wu, Huiyan Yu, Kangchen Zhao, Yefei Zhu, Bin Wu, Tao Jin, Zhiyang Shi, Fenyang Tang, Fengcai Zhu, Qinglan Sun, Linhuan Wu, Ruifu Yang, Jinghua Yan, Fumin Lei, Baoli Zhu, Wenjun Liu, Juncai Ma, Hua Wang and George F. Gao ()
Additional contact information
Lunbiao Cui: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Di Liu: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Weifeng Shi: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Taishan Medical College
Jingcao Pan: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Xian Qi: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Xianbin Li: Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science
Xiling Guo: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Minghao Zhou: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Wei Li: Network Information Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jun Li: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Joel Haywood: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Haixia Xiao: Tianjin Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xinfen Yu: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Xiaoying Pu: Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Ying Wu: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Huiyan Yu: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Kangchen Zhao: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Yefei Zhu: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Bin Wu: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Tao Jin: BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen
Zhiyang Shi: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Fenyang Tang: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Fengcai Zhu: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Qinglan Sun: Network Information Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Linhuan Wu: Network Information Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ruifu Yang: Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology
Jinghua Yan: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Fumin Lei: CAS Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Baoli Zhu: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Wenjun Liu: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Juncai Ma: Network Information Center, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hua Wang: Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology (Ministry of Health), Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
George F. Gao: CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Influenza A (H7N9) virus has been causing human infections in China since February 2013, raising serious concerns of potential pandemics. Previous studies demonstrate that human infection is directly linked to live animal markets, and that the internal genes of the virus are derived from H9N2 viruses circulating in the Yangtze River Delta area in Eastern China. Here following analysis of 109 viruses, we show a much higher genetic heterogeneity of the H7N9 viruses than previously reported, with a total of 27 newly designated genotypes. Phylogenetic and genealogical inferences reveal that genotypes G0 and G2.6 dominantly co-circulate within poultry, with most human isolates belonging to the genotype G0. G0 viruses are also responsible for the inter- and intra-province transmissions, leading to the genesis of novel genotypes. These observations suggest the province-specific H9N2 virus gene pools increase the genetic diversity of H7N9 via dynamic reassortments and also imply that G0 has not gained overwhelming fitness and the virus continues to undergo reassortment.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4142

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