Efimov-driven phase transitions of the unitary Bose gas

Swann Piatecki and Werner Krauth ()
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Swann Piatecki: Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, École Normale Supérieure, UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS
Werner Krauth: Laboratoire de Physique Statistique, École Normale Supérieure, UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, CNRS

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Initially predicted in nuclear physics, Efimov trimers are bound configurations of three quantum particles that fall apart when any one of them is removed. They open a window into a rich quantum world that has become the focus of intense experimental and theoretical research, as the region of ‘unitary’ interactions, where Efimov trimers form, is now accessible in cold-atom experiments. Here we use a path-integral Monte Carlo algorithm backed up by theoretical arguments to show that unitary bosons undergo a first-order phase transition from a normal gas to a superfluid Efimov liquid, bound by the same effects as Efimov trimers. A triple point separates these two phases and another superfluid phase, the conventional Bose–Einstein condensate, whose coexistence line with the Efimov liquid ends in a critical point. We discuss the prospects of observing the proposed phase transitions in cold-atom systems.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4503

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