Estimating the effective density of engineered nanomaterials for in vitro dosimetry

Glen DeLoid (), Joel M. Cohen, Tom Darrah, Raymond Derk, Liying Rojanasakul, Georgios Pyrgiotakis, Wendel Wohlleben and Philip Demokritou ()
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Glen DeLoid: Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health
Joel M. Cohen: Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health
Tom Darrah: Nicholas School of the Environment
Raymond Derk: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch
Liying Rojanasakul: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Pathology and Physiology Research Branch
Georgios Pyrgiotakis: Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health
Wendel Wohlleben: BASF SE, GMC/R—G201
Philip Demokritou: Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The need for accurate in vitro dosimetry remains a major obstacle to the development of cost-effective toxicological screening methods for engineered nanomaterials. An important key to accurate in vitro dosimetry is the characterization of sedimentation and diffusion rates of nanoparticles suspended in culture media, which largely depend upon the effective density and diameter of formed agglomerates in suspension. Here we present a rapid and inexpensive method for accurately measuring the effective density of nano-agglomerates in suspension. This novel method is based on the volume of the pellet obtained by benchtop centrifugation of nanomaterial suspensions in a packed cell volume tube, and is validated against gold-standard analytical ultracentrifugation data. This simple and cost-effective method allows nanotoxicologists to correctly model nanoparticle transport, and thus attain accurate dosimetry in cell culture systems, which will greatly advance the development of reliable and efficient methods for toxicological testing and investigation of nano–bio interactions in vitro.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4514

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