Specific adaptation of Ustilaginoidea virens in occupying host florets revealed by comparative and functional genomics

Yong Zhang, Kang Zhang, Anfei Fang, Yanqing Han, Jun Yang, Minfeng Xue, Jiandong Bao, Dongwei Hu, Bo Zhou, Xianyun Sun, Shaojie Li, Ming Wen, Nan Yao, Li-Jun Ma, Yongfeng Liu, Min Zhang, Fu Huang, Chaoxi Luo, Ligang Zhou, Jianqiang Li, Zhiyi Chen, Jiankun Miao, Shu Wang, Jinsheng Lai, Jin-Rong Xu, Tom Hsiang, You-Liang Peng () and Wenxian Sun ()
Additional contact information
Yong Zhang: China Agricultural University
Kang Zhang: China Agricultural University
Anfei Fang: China Agricultural University
Yanqing Han: China Agricultural University
Jun Yang: China Agricultural University
Minfeng Xue: China Agricultural University
Jiandong Bao: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Dongwei Hu: Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University
Bo Zhou: State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Xianyun Sun: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Shaojie Li: Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ming Wen: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University
Nan Yao: Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University
Li-Jun Ma: University of Massachusetts
Yongfeng Liu: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Min Zhang: College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural Unversity
Fu Huang: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University
Chaoxi Luo: College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University
Ligang Zhou: China Agricultural University
Jianqiang Li: China Agricultural University
Zhiyi Chen: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Jiankun Miao: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Shu Wang: Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Jinsheng Lai: China Agricultural University
Jin-Rong Xu: Purdue University
Tom Hsiang: School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph
You-Liang Peng: China Agricultural University
Wenxian Sun: China Agricultural University

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Ustilaginoidea virens (Cooke) Takah is an ascomycetous fungus that causes rice false smut, a devastating emerging disease worldwide. Here we report a 39.4 Mb draft genome sequence of U. virens that encodes 8,426 predicted genes. The genome has ~25% repetitive sequences that have been affected by repeat-induced point mutations. Evolutionarily, U. virens is close to the entomopathogenic Metarhizium spp., suggesting potential host jumping across kingdoms. U. virens possesses reduced gene inventories for polysaccharide degradation, nutrient uptake and secondary metabolism, which may result from adaptations to the specific floret infection and biotrophic lifestyles. Consistent with their potential roles in pathogenicity, genes for secreted proteins and secondary metabolism and the pathogen–host interaction database genes are highly enriched in the transcriptome during early infection. We further show that 18 candidate effectors can suppress plant hypersensitive responses. Together, our analyses offer new insights into molecular mechanisms of evolution, biotrophy and pathogenesis of U. virens.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4849

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