Physiological and genomic features of highly alkaliphilic hydrogen-utilizing Betaproteobacteria from a continental serpentinizing site

Shino Suzuki (), J. Gijs Kuenen, Kira Schipper, Suzanne van der Velde, Shun’ichi Ishii, Angela Wu, Dimitry Y. Sorokin, Aaron Tenney, XianYing Meng, Penny L. Morrill, Yoichi Kamagata, Gerard Muyzer and Kenneth H. Nealson
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Shino Suzuki: J. Craig Venter Institute
J. Gijs Kuenen: University of Southern California
Kira Schipper: J. Craig Venter Institute
Suzanne van der Velde: University of Southern California
Shun’ichi Ishii: J. Craig Venter Institute
Angela Wu: J. Craig Venter Institute
Dimitry Y. Sorokin: Delft University of Technology
Aaron Tenney: J. Craig Venter Institute
XianYing Meng: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
Penny L. Morrill: Memorial University
Yoichi Kamagata: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
Gerard Muyzer: Delft University of Technology
Kenneth H. Nealson: J. Craig Venter Institute

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract Serpentinization, or the aqueous alteration of ultramafic rocks, results in challenging environments for life in continental sites due to the combination of extremely high pH, low salinity and lack of obvious electron acceptors and carbon sources. Nevertheless, certain Betaproteobacteria have been frequently observed in such environments. Here we describe physiological and genomic features of three related Betaproteobacterial strains isolated from highly alkaline (pH 11.6) serpentinizing springs at The Cedars, California. All three strains are obligate alkaliphiles with an optimum for growth at pH 11 and are capable of autotrophic growth with hydrogen, calcium carbonate and oxygen. The three strains exhibit differences, however, regarding the utilization of organic carbon and electron acceptors. Their global distribution and physiological, genomic and transcriptomic characteristics indicate that the strains are adapted to the alkaline and calcium-rich environments represented by the terrestrial serpentinizing ecosystems. We propose placing these strains in a new genus ‘Serpentinomonas’.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4900

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