The oil palm VIRESCENS gene controls fruit colour and encodes a R2R3-MYB

Rajinder Singh, Eng-Ti Leslie Low, Leslie Cheng-Li Ooi, Meilina Ong-Abdullah, Rajanaidu Nookiah, Ngoot-Chin Ting, Marhalil Marjuni, Pek-Lan Chan, Maizura Ithnin, Mohd Arif Abdul Manaf, Jayanthi Nagappan, Kuang-Lim Chan, Rozana Rosli, Mohd Amin Halim, Norazah Azizi, Muhammad A. Budiman, Nathan Lakey, Blaire Bacher, Andrew Van Brunt, Chunyan Wang, Michael Hogan, Dong He, Jill D. MacDonald, Steven W. Smith, Jared M. Ordway, Robert A. Martienssen () and Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthi ()
Additional contact information
Rajinder Singh: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Eng-Ti Leslie Low: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Leslie Cheng-Li Ooi: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Meilina Ong-Abdullah: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Rajanaidu Nookiah: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Ngoot-Chin Ting: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Marhalil Marjuni: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Pek-Lan Chan: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Maizura Ithnin: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Mohd Arif Abdul Manaf: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Jayanthi Nagappan: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Kuang-Lim Chan: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Rozana Rosli: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Mohd Amin Halim: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Norazah Azizi: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre
Muhammad A. Budiman: Orion Genomics
Nathan Lakey: Orion Genomics
Blaire Bacher: Orion Genomics
Andrew Van Brunt: Orion Genomics
Chunyan Wang: Orion Genomics
Michael Hogan: Orion Genomics
Dong He: Orion Genomics
Jill D. MacDonald: Orion Genomics
Steven W. Smith: Orion Genomics
Jared M. Ordway: Orion Genomics
Robert A. Martienssen: Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Ravigadevi Sambanthamurthi: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Advanced Biotechnology and Breeding Centre

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Oil palm, a plantation crop of major economic importance in Southeast Asia, is the predominant source of edible oil worldwide. We report the identification of the VIRESCENS (VIR) gene, which controls fruit exocarp colour and is an indicator of ripeness. VIR is a R2R3-MYB transcription factor with homology to Lilium LhMYB12 and similarity to Arabidopsis PRODUCTION OF ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT1 (PAP1). We identify five independent mutant alleles of VIR in over 400 accessions from sub-Saharan Africa that account for the dominant-negative virescens phenotype. Each mutation results in premature termination of the carboxy-terminal domain of VIR, resembling McClintock’s C1-I allele in maize. The abundance of alleles likely reflects cultural practices, by which fruits were venerated for magical and medicinal properties. The identification of VIR will allow selection of the trait at the seed or early-nursery stage, 3-6 years before fruits are produced, greatly advancing introgression into elite breeding material.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5106

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