Southern Annular Mode-like changes in southwestern Patagonia at centennial timescales over the last three millennia

Patricio I. Moreno (), I. Vilanova, R. Villa-Martínez, R. D. Garreaud, M. Rojas and R. De Pol-Holz
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Patricio I. Moreno: Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653
I. Vilanova: CONICET-Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia, Sección Palinología del Cuaternario, Av. Angel Gallardo 470
R. Villa-Martínez: Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Casilla 653
R. D. Garreaud: Center for Climate Research and Resilience, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002
M. Rojas: Center for Climate Research and Resilience, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002
R. De Pol-Holz: Center for Climate Research and Resilience, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2002

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Late twentieth-century instrumental records reveal a persistent southward shift of the Southern Westerly Winds during austral summer and autumn associated with a positive trend of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and contemporaneous with glacial recession, steady increases in atmospheric temperatures and CO2 concentrations at a global scale. However, despite the clear importance of the SAM in the modern/future climate, very little is known regarding its behaviour during pre-Industrial times. Here we present a stratigraphic record from Lago Cipreses (51°S), southwestern Patagonia, that reveals recurrent ~200-year long dry/warm phases over the last three millennia, which we interpret as positive SAM-like states. These correspond in timing with the Industrial revolution, the Mediaeval Climate Anomaly, the Roman and Late Bronze Age Warm Periods and alternate with cold/wet multi-centennial phases in European palaeoclimate records. We conclude that SAM-like changes at centennial timescales in southwestern Patagonia represent in-phase interhemispheric coupling of palaeoclimate over the last 3,000 years through atmospheric teleconnections.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5375

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