Induced and natural variation of promoter length modulates the photoperiodic response of FLOWERING LOCUS T

Liangyu Liu, Jessika Adrian, Artem Pankin, Jinyong Hu, Xue Dong, Maria von Korff and Franziska Turck ()
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Liangyu Liu: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Jessika Adrian: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Artem Pankin: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Jinyong Hu: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl von Linne Weg 10
Xue Dong: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Maria von Korff: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research
Franziska Turck: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) regulates the floral transition in many plant species by integrating environmental seasonal signals and internal cues. Here we show that two interdependent regulatory regions are necessary and sufficient to convey photoperiod responsiveness to FT. While a minimal distance between the regulatory regions is required to fully suppress FT expression under short days, increased distance reduces promoter response to long days. Natural variation at FT creating promoter length differences is widespread, correlates with longitudinal and latitudinal clines and affects a promoter region physically interacting with both photoperiod control regions. Three major FT promoter variants correlate with differences in FT allele usage in F1 hybrids. We propose that FT variation in cis could be adaptive by conferring differences in FT transcriptional control ultimately translating to increased fitness.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5558

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