Activation of G-protein-coupled receptors correlates with the formation of a continuous internal water pathway

Shuguang Yuan (), Slawomir Filipek, Krzysztof Palczewski and Horst Vogel ()
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Shuguang Yuan: Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Slawomir Filipek: Laboratory of Biomodeling, Faculty of Chemistry & Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw
Krzysztof Palczewski: School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University
Horst Vogel: Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Polymers and Membranes, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Recent crystal structures of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have revealed ordered internal water molecules, raising questions about the functional role of those waters for receptor activation that could not be answered by the static structures. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulations to monitor—at atomic and high temporal resolution—conformational changes of central importance for the activation of three prototypical GPCRs with known crystal structures: the adenosine A2A receptor, the β2-adrenergic receptor and rhodopsin. Our simulations reveal that a hydrophobic layer of amino acid residues next to the characteristic NPxxY motif forms a gate that opens to form a continuous water channel only upon receptor activation. The highly conserved tyrosine residue Y7.53 undergoes transitions between three distinct conformations representative of inactive, G-protein activated and GPCR metastates. Additional analysis of the available GPCR crystal structures reveals general principles governing the functional roles of internal waters in GPCRs.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5733

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