Comparative genome sequencing reveals genomic signature of extreme desiccation tolerance in the anhydrobiotic midge

Oleg Gusev, Yoshitaka Suetsugu, Richard Cornette, Takeshi Kawashima, Maria D. Logacheva, Alexey S. Kondrashov, Aleksey A. Penin, Rie Hatanaka, Shingo Kikuta, Sachiko Shimura, Hiroyuki Kanamori, Yuichi Katayose, Takashi Matsumoto, Elena Shagimardanova, Dmitry Alexeev, Vadim Govorun, Jennifer Wisecaver, Alexander Mikheyev, Ryo Koyanagi, Manabu Fujie, Tomoaki Nishiyama, Shuji Shigenobu, Tomoko F. Shibata, Veronika Golygina, Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Takashi Okuda, Nori Satoh and Takahiro Kikawada ()
Additional contact information
Oleg Gusev: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Yoshitaka Suetsugu: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Richard Cornette: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Takeshi Kawashima: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
Maria D. Logacheva: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Alexey S. Kondrashov: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Aleksey A. Penin: Lomonosov Moscow State University
Rie Hatanaka: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Shingo Kikuta: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Sachiko Shimura: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Hiroyuki Kanamori: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Yuichi Katayose: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Takashi Matsumoto: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Elena Shagimardanova: Institute of Fundamental Biology and Medicine, Kazan Federal University
Dmitry Alexeev: Scientific Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Medicine, Federal Bio-Medical Agency of Russia
Vadim Govorun: Scientific Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Medicine, Federal Bio-Medical Agency of Russia
Jennifer Wisecaver: Vanderbilt University
Alexander Mikheyev: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
Ryo Koyanagi: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
Manabu Fujie: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
Tomoaki Nishiyama: Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University
Shuji Shigenobu: National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB)
Tomoko F. Shibata: National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB)
Veronika Golygina: Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Mitsuyasu Hasebe: National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB)
Takashi Okuda: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)
Nori Satoh: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST)
Takahiro Kikawada: National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences (NIAS)

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Anhydrobiosis represents an extreme example of tolerance adaptation to water loss, where an organism can survive in an ametabolic state until water returns. Here we report the first comparative analysis examining the genomic background of extreme desiccation tolerance, which is exclusively found in larvae of the only anhydrobiotic insect, Polypedilum vanderplanki. We compare the genomes of P. vanderplanki and a congeneric desiccation-sensitive midge P. nubifer. We determine that the genome of the anhydrobiotic species specifically contains clusters of multi-copy genes with products that act as molecular shields. In addition, the genome possesses several groups of genes with high similarity to known protective proteins. However, these genes are located in distinct paralogous clusters in the genome apart from the classical orthologues of the corresponding genes shared by both chironomids and other insects. The transcripts of these clustered paralogues contribute to a large majority of the mRNA pool in the desiccating larvae and most likely define successful anhydrobiosis. Comparison of expression patterns of orthologues between two chironomid species provides evidence for the existence of desiccation-specific gene expression systems in P. vanderplanki.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5784

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