Uncovering many-body correlations in nanoscale nuclear spin baths by central spin decoherence

Wen-Long Ma, Gary Wolfowicz, Nan Zhao, Shu-Shen Li, John J.L. Morton () and Ren-Bao Liu ()
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Wen-Long Ma: State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Gary Wolfowicz: London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London
Nan Zhao: Beijing Computational Science Research Center
Shu-Shen Li: State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences
John J.L. Morton: London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London
Ren-Bao Liu: The Chinese University of Hong Kong

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Central spin decoherence caused by nuclear spin baths is often a critical issue in various quantum computing schemes, and it has also been used for sensing single-nuclear spins. Recent theoretical studies suggest that central spin decoherence can act as a probe of many-body physics in spin baths; however, identification and detection of many-body correlations of nuclear spins in nanoscale systems are highly challenging. Here, taking a phosphorus donor electron spin in a 29Si nuclear spin bath as our model system, we discover both theoretically and experimentally that many-body correlations in nanoscale nuclear spin baths produce identifiable signatures in decoherence of the central spin under multiple-pulse dynamical decoupling control. We demonstrate that under control by an odd or even number of pulses, the central spin decoherence is principally caused by second- or fourth-order nuclear spin correlations, respectively. This study marks an important step toward studying many-body physics using spin qubits.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5822

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