Ultralow viscosity of carbonate melts at high pressures

Yoshio Kono (), Curtis Kenney-Benson, Daniel Hummer, Hiroaki Ohfuji, Changyong Park, Guoyin Shen, Yanbin Wang, Abby Kavner and Craig E. Manning
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Yoshio Kono: HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
Curtis Kenney-Benson: HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
Daniel Hummer: Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Box 951567, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
Hiroaki Ohfuji: Geodynamics Research Center, Ehime University, 2–5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790–8577, Japan
Changyong Park: HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
Guoyin Shen: HPCAT, Geophysical Laboratory, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
Yanbin Wang: GeoSoilEnviroCARS, Center for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
Abby Kavner: Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Box 951567, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
Craig E. Manning: Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Box 951567, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Knowledge of the occurrence and mobility of carbonate-rich melts in the Earth’s mantle is important for understanding the deep carbon cycle and related geochemical and geophysical processes. However, our understanding of the mobility of carbonate-rich melts remains poor. Here we report viscosities of carbonate melts up to 6.2 GPa using a newly developed technique of ultrafast synchrotron X-ray imaging. These carbonate melts display ultralow viscosities, much lower than previously thought, in the range of 0.006–0.010 Pa s, which are ~2 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than those of basaltic melts in the upper mantle. As a result, the mobility of carbonate melts (defined as the ratio of melt-solid density contrast to melt viscosity) is ~2 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of basaltic melts. Such high mobility has significant influence on several magmatic processes, such as fast melt migration and effective melt extraction beneath mid-ocean ridges.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6091

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