n-type chalcogenides by ion implantation

Mark A. Hughes (), Yanina Fedorenko, Behrad Gholipour, Jin Yao, Tae-Hoon Lee, Russell M. Gwilliam, Kevin P. Homewood, Steven Hinder, Daniel W. Hewak (), Stephen R. Elliott () and Richard J. Curry ()
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Mark A. Hughes: Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey
Yanina Fedorenko: Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey
Behrad Gholipour: Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton
Jin Yao: Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton
Tae-Hoon Lee: University of Cambridge
Russell M. Gwilliam: Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey
Kevin P. Homewood: Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey
Steven Hinder: The Surface Analysis Laboratory, University of Surrey
Daniel W. Hewak: Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton
Stephen R. Elliott: University of Cambridge
Richard J. Curry: Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract Carrier-type reversal to enable the formation of semiconductor p-n junctions is a prerequisite for many electronic applications. Chalcogenide glasses are p-type semiconductors and their applications have been limited by the extraordinary difficulty in obtaining n-type conductivity. The ability to form chalcogenide glass p-n junctions could improve the performance of phase-change memory and thermoelectric devices and allow the direct electronic control of nonlinear optical devices. Previously, carrier-type reversal has been restricted to the GeCh (Ch=S, Se, Te) family of glasses, with very high Bi or Pb ‘doping’ concentrations (~5–11 at.%), incorporated during high-temperature glass melting. Here we report the first n-type doping of chalcogenide glasses by ion implantation of Bi into GeTe and GaLaSO amorphous films, demonstrating rectification and photocurrent in a Bi-implanted GaLaSO device. The electrical doping effect of Bi is observed at a 100 times lower concentration than for Bi melt-doped GeCh glasses.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6346

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