Giant enhancement in vertical conductivity of stacked CVD graphene sheets by self-assembled molecular layers

Yanpeng Liu, Li Yuan, Ming Yang, Yi Zheng, Linjun Li, Libo Gao, Nisachol Nerngchamnong, Chang Tai Nai, C. S. Suchand Sangeeth, Yuan Ping Feng, Christian A. Nijhuis () and Kian Ping Loh ()
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Yanpeng Liu: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Li Yuan: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Ming Yang: National University of Singapore
Yi Zheng: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Linjun Li: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Libo Gao: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Nisachol Nerngchamnong: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Chang Tai Nai: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
C. S. Suchand Sangeeth: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Yuan Ping Feng: National University of Singapore
Christian A. Nijhuis: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore
Kian Ping Loh: Graphene Research Center, National University of Singapore

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Layer-by-layer-stacked chemical vapour deposition (CVD) graphene films find applications as transparent and conductive electrodes in solar cells, organic light-emitting diodes and touch panels. Common to lamellar-type systems with anisotropic electron delocalization, the plane-to-plane (vertical) conductivity in such systems is several orders lower than its in-plane conductivity. The poor electronic coupling between the planes is due to the presence of transfer process organic residues and trapped air pocket in wrinkles. Here we show the plane-to-plane tunnelling conductivity of stacked CVD graphene layers can be improved significantly by inserting 1-pyrenebutyric acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester between the graphene layers. The six orders of magnitude increase in plane-to-plane conductivity is due to hole doping, orbital hybridization, planarization and the exclusion of polymer residues. Our results highlight the importance of interfacial modification for enhancing the performance of LBL-stacked CVD graphene films, which should be applicable to other types of stacked two-dimensional films.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6461

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