Mechanism of Ca2+-triggered ESCRT assembly and regulation of cell membrane repair

Luana L. Scheffer, Sen Chandra Sreetama, Nimisha Sharma, Sushma Medikayala, Kristy J. Brown, Aurelia Defour and Jyoti K. Jaiswal ()
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Luana L. Scheffer: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research
Sen Chandra Sreetama: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research
Nimisha Sharma: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research
Sushma Medikayala: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research
Kristy J. Brown: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research
Aurelia Defour: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research
Jyoti K. Jaiswal: Children's National Medical Center, Center for Genetic Medicine Research

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-12

Abstract: Abstract In muscle and other mechanically active tissue, cell membranes are constantly injured, and their repair depends on the injury-induced increase in cytosolic calcium. Here, we show that injury-triggered Ca2+ increase results in assembly of ESCRT III and accessory proteins at the site of repair. This process is initiated by the calcium-binding protein—apoptosis-linked gene (ALG)-2. ALG-2 facilitates accumulation of ALG-2-interacting protein X (ALIX), ESCRT III and Vps4 complex at the injured cell membrane, which in turn results in cleavage and shedding of the damaged part of the cell membrane. Lack of ALG-2, ALIX or Vps4B each prevents shedding, and repair of the injured cell membrane. These results demonstrate Ca2+-dependent accumulation of ESCRT III-Vps4 complex following large focal injury to the cell membrane and identify the role of ALG-2 as the initiator of sequential ESCRT III-Vps4 complex assembly that facilitates scission and repair of the injured cell membrane.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6646

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