A nairovirus isolated from African bats causes haemorrhagic gastroenteritis and severe hepatic disease in mice

Akihiro Ishii (), Keisuke Ueno, Yasuko Orba, Michihito Sasaki, Ladslav Moonga, Bernard M. Hang’ombe, Aaron S. Mweene, Takashi Umemura, Kimihito Ito, William W. Hall and Hirofumi Sawa
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Akihiro Ishii: Hokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
Keisuke Ueno: Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
Yasuko Orba: Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
Michihito Sasaki: Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
Ladslav Moonga: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia
Bernard M. Hang’ombe: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia
Aaron S. Mweene: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia
Takashi Umemura: Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University
Kimihito Ito: Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University
William W. Hall: Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, University College Dublin
Hirofumi Sawa: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia

Nature Communications, 2014, vol. 5, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract Bats can carry important zoonotic pathogens. Here we use a combination of next-generation sequencing and classical virus isolation methods to identify novel nairoviruses from bats captured from a cave in Zambia. This nairovirus infection is highly prevalent among giant leaf-nosed bats, Hipposideros gigas (detected in samples from 16 individuals out of 38). Whole-genome analysis of three viral isolates (11SB17, 11SB19 and 11SB23) reveals a typical bunyavirus tri-segmented genome. The strains form a single phylogenetic clade that is divergent from other known nairoviruses, and are hereafter designated as Leopards Hill virus (LPHV). When i.p. injected into mice, the 11SB17 strain causes only slight body weight loss, whereas 11SB23 produces acute and lethal disease closely resembling that observed with Crimean–Congo Haemorrhagic Fever virus in humans. We believe that our LPHV mouse model will be useful for research on the pathogenesis of nairoviral haemorrhagic disease.

Date: 2014
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6651

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