Nanoscale assembly processes revealed in the nacroprismatic transition zone of Pinna nobilis mollusc shells

Robert Hovden, Stephan E. Wolf, Megan E. Holtz, Frédéric Marin, David A. Muller and Lara A. Estroff ()
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Robert Hovden: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University
Stephan E. Wolf: Cornell University
Megan E. Holtz: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University
Frédéric Marin: UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté
David A. Muller: School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University
Lara A. Estroff: Cornell University

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Intricate biomineralization processes in molluscs engineer hierarchical structures with meso-, nano- and atomic architectures that give the final composite material exceptional mechanical strength and optical iridescence on the macroscale. This multiscale biological assembly inspires new synthetic routes to complex materials. Our investigation of the prism–nacre interface reveals nanoscale details governing the onset of nacre formation using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. A wedge-polishing technique provides unprecedented, large-area specimens required to span the entire interface. Within this region, we find a transition from nanofibrillar aggregation to irregular early-nacre layers, to well-ordered mature nacre suggesting the assembly process is driven by aggregation of nanoparticles (∼50–80 nm) within an organic matrix that arrange in fibre-like polycrystalline configurations. The particle number increases successively and, when critical packing is reached, they merge into early-nacre platelets. These results give new insights into nacre formation and particle-accretion mechanisms that may be common to many calcareous biominerals.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10097

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