Photon number statistics uncover the fluctuations in non-equilibrium lattice dynamics

Martina Esposito, Kelvin Titimbo, Klaus Zimmermann, Francesca Giusti, Francesco Randi, Davide Boschetto, Fulvio Parmigiani, Roberto Floreanini, Fabio Benatti () and Daniele Fausti ()
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Martina Esposito: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Kelvin Titimbo: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Klaus Zimmermann: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Francesca Giusti: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Francesco Randi: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Davide Boschetto: Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée, ENSTA ParisTech, CNRS, Ecole polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay
Fulvio Parmigiani: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Roberto Floreanini: Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste
Fabio Benatti: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy
Daniele Fausti: Università di Trieste, Via Valerio 2 Trieste 34127, Italy

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Fluctuations of the atomic positions are at the core of a large class of unusual material properties ranging from quantum para-electricity to high temperature superconductivity. Their measurement in solids is the subject of an intense scientific debate focused on seeking a methodology capable of establishing a direct link between the variance of the atomic displacements and experimentally measurable observables. Here we address this issue by means of non-equilibrium optical experiments performed in shot-noise-limited regime. The variance of the time-dependent atomic positions and momenta is directly mapped into the quantum fluctuations of the photon number of the scattered probing light. A fully quantum description of the non-linear interaction between photonic and phononic fields is benchmarked by unveiling the squeezing of thermal phonons in α-quartz.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10249

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