Graphene-modified nanostructured vanadium pentoxide hybrids with extraordinary electrochemical performance for Li-ion batteries

Qi Liu, Zhe-Fei Li, Yadong Liu, Hangyu Zhang, Yang Ren, Cheng-Jun Sun, Wenquan Lu, Yun Zhou, Lia Stanciu, Eric A. Stach and Jian Xie ()
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Qi Liu: Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University
Zhe-Fei Li: Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University
Yadong Liu: Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University
Hangyu Zhang: School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University
Yang Ren: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory
Cheng-Jun Sun: Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory
Wenquan Lu: Argonne National Laboratory
Yun Zhou: School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University
Lia Stanciu: School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University
Eric A. Stach: Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory
Jian Xie: Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract The long-standing issues of low intrinsic electronic conductivity, slow lithium-ion diffusion and irreversible phase transitions on deep discharge prevent the high specific capacity/energy (443 mAh g−1 and 1,550 Wh kg−1) vanadium pentoxide from being used as the cathode material in practical battery applications. Here we develop a method to incorporate graphene sheets into vanadium pentoxide nanoribbons via the sol–gel process. The resulting graphene-modified nanostructured vanadium pentoxide hybrids contain only 2 wt. % graphene, yet exhibits extraordinary electrochemical performance: a specific capacity of 438 mAh g−1, approaching the theoretical value (443 mAh g−1), a long cyclability and significantly enhanced rate capability. Such performance is the result of the combined effects of the graphene on structural stability, electronic conduction, vanadium redox reaction and lithium-ion diffusion supported by various experimental studies. This method provides a new avenue to create nanostructured metal oxide/graphene materials for advanced battery applications.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7127

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