Self-biased reconfigurable graphene stacks for terahertz plasmonics

J.S. Gomez-Diaz (), C Moldovan, S Capdevila, J Romeu, L.S. Bernard, A Magrez, A.M. Ionescu and J Perruisseau-Carrier
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J.S. Gomez-Diaz: Adaptive MicroNano Wave Systems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
C Moldovan: Nanoelectronics Devices Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
S Capdevila: Laboratory of Electromagnetics and Acoustics (LEMA), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
J Romeu: AntenaLAB, Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya
L.S. Bernard: Laboratory of Physics and Complex Matter, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
A Magrez: Crystal growth facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
A.M. Ionescu: Nanoelectronics Devices Laboratory, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
J Perruisseau-Carrier: Adaptive MicroNano Wave Systems, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract The gate-controllable complex conductivity of graphene offers unprecedented opportunities for reconfigurable plasmonics at terahertz and mid-infrared frequencies. However, the requirement of a gating electrode close to graphene and the single ‘control knob’ that this approach offers limits the practical implementation and performance of these devices. Here we report on graphene stacks composed of two or more graphene monolayers separated by electrically thin dielectrics and present a simple and rigorous theoretical framework for their characterization. In a first implementation, two graphene layers gate each other, thereby behaving as a controllable single equivalent layer but without any additional gating structure. Second, we show that adding an additional gate allows independent control of the complex conductivity of each layer within the stack and provides enhanced control on the stack equivalent complex conductivity. These results are very promising for the development of THz and mid-infrared plasmonic devices with enhanced performance and reconfiguration capabilities.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7334

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