Oriented cell division shapes carnivorous pitcher leaves of Sarracenia purpurea

Kenji Fukushima, Hironori Fujita, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Masayoshi Kawaguchi, Hirokazu Tsukaya and Mitsuyasu Hasebe ()
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Kenji Fukushima: School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
Hironori Fujita: National Institute for Basic Biology, Myodaiji-cho, Nishigonaka 38, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
Takahiro Yamaguchi: Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Masayoshi Kawaguchi: School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)
Hirokazu Tsukaya: Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Mitsuyasu Hasebe: School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies)

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Complex morphology is an evolutionary outcome of phenotypic diversification. In some carnivorous plants, the ancestral planar leaf has been modified to form a pitcher shape. However, how leaf development was altered during evolution remains unknown. Here we show that the pitcher leaves of Sarracenia purpurea develop through cell division patterns of adaxial tissues that are distinct from those in bifacial and peltate leaves, subsequent to standard expression of adaxial and abaxial marker genes. Differences in the orientation of cell divisions in the adaxial domain cause bifacial growth in the distal region and adaxial ridge protrusion in the middle region. These different growth patterns establish pitcher morphology. A computer simulation suggests that the cell division plane is critical for the pitcher morphogenesis. Our results imply that tissue-specific changes in the orientation of cell division underlie the development of a morphologically complex leaf.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7450

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