Surface transfer doping induced effective modulation on ambipolar characteristics of few-layer black phosphorus

Du Xiang, Cheng Han, Jing Wu, Shu Zhong, Yiyang Liu, Jiadan Lin, Xue-Ao Zhang, Wen Ping Hu, Barbaros Özyilmaz, A. H. Castro Neto, Andrew Thye Shen Wee and Wei Chen ()
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Du Xiang: National University of Singapore
Cheng Han: National University of Singapore
Jing Wu: National University of Singapore
Shu Zhong: National University of Singapore
Yiyang Liu: Centre for Advanced 2D Materials and Graphene Research Centre, National University of Singapore
Jiadan Lin: National University of Singapore
Xue-Ao Zhang: College of Science, National University of Defense Technology
Wen Ping Hu: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Barbaros Özyilmaz: National University of Singapore
A. H. Castro Neto: National University of Singapore
Andrew Thye Shen Wee: National University of Singapore
Wei Chen: National University of Singapore

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Black phosphorus, a fast emerging two-dimensional material, has been configured as field effect transistors, showing a hole-transport-dominated ambipolar characteristic. Here we report an effective modulation on ambipolar characteristics of few-layer black phosphorus transistors through in situ surface functionalization with caesium carbonate (Cs2CO3) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), respectively. Cs2CO3 is found to strongly electron dope black phosphorus. The electron mobility of black phosphorus is significantly enhanced to ~27 cm2 V−1 s−1 after 10 nm Cs2CO3 modification, indicating a greatly improved electron-transport behaviour. In contrast, MoO3 decoration demonstrates a giant hole-doping effect. In situ photoelectron spectroscopy characterization reveals significant surface charge transfer occurring at the dopants/black phosphorus interfaces. Moreover, the surface-doped black phosphorus devices exhibit a largely enhanced photodetection behaviour. Our findings coupled with the tunable nature of the surface transfer doping scheme ensure black phosphorus as a promising candidate for further complementary logic electronics.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7485

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