APOBEC3A cytidine deaminase induces RNA editing in monocytes and macrophages

Shraddha Sharma, Santosh K. Patnaik, R. Thomas Taggart, Eric D. Kannisto, Sally M. Enriquez, Paul Gollnick and Bora E. Baysal ()
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Shraddha Sharma: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Santosh K. Patnaik: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
R. Thomas Taggart: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Eric D. Kannisto: Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Sally M. Enriquez: University at Buffalo, State University of New York
Paul Gollnick: University at Buffalo, State University of New York
Bora E. Baysal: Roswell Park Cancer Institute

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-15

Abstract: Abstract The extent, regulation and enzymatic basis of RNA editing by cytidine deamination are incompletely understood. Here we show that transcripts of hundreds of genes undergo site-specific C>U RNA editing in macrophages during M1 polarization and in monocytes in response to hypoxia and interferons. This editing alters the amino acid sequences for scores of proteins, including many that are involved in pathogenesis of viral diseases. APOBEC3A, which is known to deaminate cytidines of single-stranded DNA and to inhibit viruses and retrotransposons, mediates this RNA editing. Amino acid residues of APOBEC3A that are known to be required for its DNA deamination and anti-retrotransposition activities were also found to affect its RNA deamination activity. Our study demonstrates the cellular RNA editing activity of a member of the APOBEC3 family of innate restriction factors and expands the understanding of C>U RNA editing in mammals.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7881

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