FGF1 and FGF19 reverse diabetes by suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis

Rachel J. Perry, Sangwon Lee, Lie Ma, Dongyan Zhang, Joseph Schlessinger and Gerald I. Shulman ()
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Rachel J. Perry: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine
Sangwon Lee: Yale University School of Medicine
Lie Ma: Yale University School of Medicine
Dongyan Zhang: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine
Joseph Schlessinger: Yale University School of Medicine
Gerald I. Shulman: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF1) and FGF19 have been shown to improve glucose metabolism in diabetic rodents, but how this occurs is unknown. Here to investigate the mechanism of action of these growth factors, we perform intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of recombinant FGF1 or FGF19 in an awake rat model of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and measure rates of whole-body lipolysis, hepatic acetyl CoA content, pyruvate carboxylase activity and hepatic glucose production. We show that ICV injection of FGF19 or FGF1 leads to a ∼60% reduction in hepatic glucose production, hepatic acetyl CoA content and whole-body lipolysis, which results from decreases in plasma ACTH and corticosterone concentrations. These effects are abrogated by an intra-arterial infusion of corticosterone. Taken together these studies identify suppression of the HPA axis and ensuing reductions in hepatic acetyl CoA content as a common mechanism responsible for mediating the acute, insulin-independent, glucose-lowering effects of FGF1 and FGF19 in rodents with poorly controlled T1D.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7980

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