Volcano seismicity and ground deformation unveil the gravity-driven magma discharge dynamics of a volcanic eruption

Maurizio Ripepe (), Dario Delle Donne, Riccardo Genco, Giuseppe Maggio, Marco Pistolesi, Emanuele Marchetti, Giorgio Lacanna, Giacomo Ulivieri and Pasquale Poggi
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Maurizio Ripepe: Università di Firenze
Dario Delle Donne: Università di Firenze
Riccardo Genco: Università di Firenze
Giuseppe Maggio: Università di Firenze
Marco Pistolesi: Università di Firenze
Emanuele Marchetti: Università di Firenze
Giorgio Lacanna: Università di Firenze
Giacomo Ulivieri: Università di Firenze
Pasquale Poggi: Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-6

Abstract: Abstract Effusive eruptions are explained as the mechanism by which volcanoes restore the equilibrium perturbed by magma rising in a chamber deep in the crust. Seismic, ground deformation and topographic measurements are compared with effusion rate during the 2007 Stromboli eruption, drawing an eruptive scenario that shifts our attention from the interior of the crust to the surface. The eruption is modelled as a gravity-driven drainage of magma stored in the volcanic edifice with a minor contribution of magma supplied at a steady rate from a deep reservoir. Here we show that the discharge rate can be predicted by the contraction of the volcano edifice and that the very-long-period seismicity migrates downwards, tracking the residual volume of magma in the shallow reservoir. Gravity-driven magma discharge dynamics explain the initially high discharge rates observed during eruptive crises and greatly influence our ability to predict the evolution of effusive eruptions.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7998

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