Resonance shifts and spill-out effects in self-consistent hydrodynamic nanoplasmonics

Giuseppe Toscano (), Jakob Straubel, Alexander Kwiatkowski, Carsten Rockstuhl, Ferdinand Evers, Hongxing Xu, N. Asger Mortensen and Martijn Wubs
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Giuseppe Toscano: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physics and Technology, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University
Jakob Straubel: Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Alexander Kwiatkowski: Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Carsten Rockstuhl: Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Ferdinand Evers: Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Hongxing Xu: Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, School of Physics and Technology, and Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University
N. Asger Mortensen: DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark
Martijn Wubs: DTU Fotonik, Technical University of Denmark

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-11

Abstract: Abstract The standard hydrodynamic Drude model with hard-wall boundary conditions can give accurate quantitative predictions for the optical response of noble-metal nanoparticles. However, it is less accurate for other metallic nanosystems, where surface effects due to electron density spill-out in free space cannot be neglected. Here we address the fundamental question whether the description of surface effects in plasmonics necessarily requires a fully quantum-mechanical ab initio approach. We present a self-consistent hydrodynamic model (SC-HDM), where both the ground state and the excited state properties of an inhomogeneous electron gas can be determined. With this method we are able to explain the size-dependent surface resonance shifts of Na and Ag nanowires and nanospheres. The results we obtain are in good agreement with experiments and more advanced quantum methods. The SC-HDM gives accurate results with modest computational effort, and can be applied to arbitrary nanoplasmonic systems of much larger sizes than accessible with ab initio methods.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8132

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