Quantifying the ozone and ultraviolet benefits already achieved by the Montreal Protocol

M. P. Chipperfield (), S. S. Dhomse, W. Feng, R. L. McKenzie, G.J.M. Velders and J. A. Pyle
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M. P. Chipperfield: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds
S. S. Dhomse: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds
W. Feng: School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds
R. L. McKenzie: National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)
G.J.M. Velders: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment
J. A. Pyle: National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS)

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Chlorine- and bromine-containing ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) are controlled by the 1987 Montreal Protocol. In consequence, atmospheric equivalent chlorine peaked in 1993 and has been declining slowly since then. Consistent with this, models project a gradual increase in stratospheric ozone with the Antarctic ozone hole expected to disappear by ∼2050. However, we show that by 2013 the Montreal Protocol had already achieved significant benefits for the ozone layer. Using a 3D atmospheric chemistry transport model, we demonstrate that much larger ozone depletion than observed has been avoided by the protocol, with beneficial impacts on surface ultraviolet. A deep Arctic ozone hole, with column values

Date: 2015
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms8233

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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8233

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