Fibres and cellular structures preserved in 75-million–year-old dinosaur specimens

Sergio Bertazzo (), Susannah C. R. Maidment (), Charalambos Kallepitis, Sarah Fearn, Molly M. Stevens and Hai-nan Xie
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Sergio Bertazzo: Imperial College London
Susannah C. R. Maidment: Imperial College London
Charalambos Kallepitis: Imperial College London
Sarah Fearn: Imperial College London
Molly M. Stevens: Imperial College London
Hai-nan Xie: Imperial College London

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Exceptionally preserved organic remains are known throughout the vertebrate fossil record, and recently, evidence has emerged that such soft tissue might contain original components. We examined samples from eight Cretaceous dinosaur bones using nano-analytical techniques; the bones are not exceptionally preserved and show no external indication of soft tissue. In one sample, we observe structures consistent with endogenous collagen fibre remains displaying ∼67 nm banding, indicating the possible preservation of the original quaternary structure. Using ToF-SIMS, we identify amino-acid fragments typical of collagen fibrils. Furthermore, we observe structures consistent with putative erythrocyte remains that exhibit mass spectra similar to emu whole blood. Using advanced material characterization approaches, we find that these putative biological structures can be well preserved over geological timescales, and their preservation is more common than previously thought. The preservation of protein over geological timescales offers the opportunity to investigate relationships, physiology and behaviour of long extinct animals.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8352

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