Bright high-repetition-rate source of narrowband extreme-ultraviolet harmonics beyond 22 eV

He Wang (), Yiming Xu, Stefan Ulonska, Joseph S. Robinson, Predrag Ranitovic and Robert A. Kaindl ()
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He Wang: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-354
Yiming Xu: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-354
Stefan Ulonska: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-354
Joseph S. Robinson: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-354
Predrag Ranitovic: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-354
Robert A. Kaindl: E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, MS 2-354

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Novel table-top sources of extreme-ultraviolet light based on high-harmonic generation yield unique insight into the fundamental properties of molecules, nanomaterials or correlated solids, and enable advanced applications in imaging or metrology. Extending high-harmonic generation to high repetition rates portends great experimental benefits, yet efficient extreme-ultraviolet conversion of correspondingly weak driving pulses is challenging. Here, we demonstrate a highly-efficient source of femtosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulses at 50-kHz repetition rate, utilizing the ultraviolet second-harmonic focused tightly into Kr gas. In this cascaded scheme, a photon flux beyond ≈3 × 1013 s−1 is generated at 22.3 eV, with 5 × 10−5 conversion efficiency that surpasses similar harmonics directly driven by the fundamental by two orders-of-magnitude. The enhancement arises from both wavelength scaling of the atomic dipole and improved spatio-temporal phase matching, confirmed by simulations. Spectral isolation of a single 72-meV-wide harmonic renders this bright, 50-kHz extreme-ultraviolet source a powerful tool for ultrafast photoemission, nanoscale imaging and other applications.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8459

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