Thermodynamic picture of ultrafast charge transport in graphene

Zoltán Mics, Klaas-Jan Tielrooij, Khaled Parvez, Søren A. Jensen, Ivan Ivanov, Xinliang Feng, Klaus Müllen, Mischa Bonn and Dmitry Turchinovich ()
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Zoltán Mics: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Klaas-Jan Tielrooij: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Khaled Parvez: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Søren A. Jensen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Ivan Ivanov: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Xinliang Feng: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Klaus Müllen: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Mischa Bonn: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
Dmitry Turchinovich: Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract The outstanding charge transport properties of graphene enable numerous electronic applications of this remarkable material, many of which are expected to operate at ultrahigh speeds. In the regime of ultrafast, sub-picosecond electric fields, however, the very high conduction properties of graphene are not necessarily preserved, with the physical picture explaining this behaviour remaining unclear. Here we show that in graphene, the charge transport on an ultrafast timescale is determined by a simple thermodynamic balance maintained within the graphene electronic system acting as a thermalized electron gas. The energy of ultrafast electric fields applied to graphene is converted into the thermal energy of its entire charge carrier population, near-instantaneously raising the electronic temperature. The dynamic interplay between heating and cooling of the electron gas ultimately defines the ultrafast conductivity of graphene, which in a highly nonlinear manner depends on the dynamics and the strength of the applied electric fields.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8655

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