Evolution of dosage compensation under sexual selection differs between X and Z chromosomes

Charles Mullon, Alison E. Wright, Max Reuter (), Andrew Pomiankowski () and Judith E. Mank
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Charles Mullon: Evolution and Environment, University College London
Alison E. Wright: Evolution and Environment, University College London
Max Reuter: Evolution and Environment, University College London
Andrew Pomiankowski: Evolution and Environment, University College London
Judith E. Mank: Evolution and Environment, University College London

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-10

Abstract: Abstract Complete sex chromosome dosage compensation has more often been observed in XY than ZW species. In this study, using a population genetic model and the chicken transcriptome, we assess whether sexual conflict can account for this difference. Sexual conflict over expression is inevitable when mutation effects are correlated across the sexes, as compensatory mutations in the heterogametic sex lead to hyperexpression in the homogametic sex. Coupled with stronger selection and greater reproductive variance in males, this results in slower and less complete evolution of Z compared with X dosage compensation. Using expression variance as a measure of selection strength, we find that, as predicted by the model, dosage compensation in the chicken is most pronounced in genes that are under strong selection biased towards females. Our study explains the pattern of weak dosage compensation in ZW systems, and suggests that sexual selection plays a major role in shaping sex chromosome dosage compensation.

Date: 2015
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Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms8720

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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8720

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