Direct exfoliation and dispersion of two-dimensional materials in pure water via temperature control

Jinseon Kim, Sanghyuk Kwon, Dae-Hyun Cho, Byunggil Kang, Hyukjoon Kwon, Youngchan Kim, Sung O. Park, Gwan Yeong Jung, Eunhye Shin, Wan-Gu Kim, Hyungdong Lee, Gyeong Hee Ryu, Minseok Choi, Tae Hyeong Kim, Junghoon Oh, Sungjin Park, Sang Kyu Kwak, Suk Wang Yoon, Doyoung Byun, Zonghoon Lee and Changgu Lee ()
Additional contact information
Jinseon Kim: Mechanical Test & Analysis Section, Korea Electric Power Corporation Nuclear Fuel
Sanghyuk Kwon: School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University
Dae-Hyun Cho: The Ohio State University
Byunggil Kang: SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University
Hyukjoon Kwon: SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University
Youngchan Kim: SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University
Sung O. Park: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Gwan Yeong Jung: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Eunhye Shin: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Wan-Gu Kim: Sungkyunkwan University
Hyungdong Lee: School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University
Gyeong Hee Ryu: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Minseok Choi: New Material Team, LG Electronics Advanced Research Institute
Tae Hyeong Kim: New Material Team, LG Electronics Advanced Research Institute
Junghoon Oh: Inha University
Sungjin Park: Inha University
Sang Kyu Kwak: School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Suk Wang Yoon: Sungkyunkwan University
Doyoung Byun: School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University
Zonghoon Lee: School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology
Changgu Lee: School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-9

Abstract: Abstract The high-volume synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) materials in the form of platelets is desirable for various applications. While water is considered an ideal dispersion medium, due to its abundance and low cost, the hydrophobicity of platelet surfaces has prohibited its widespread use. Here we exfoliate 2D materials directly in pure water without using any chemicals or surfactants. In order to exfoliate and disperse the materials in water, we elevate the temperature of the sonication bath, and introduce energy via the dissipation of sonic waves. Storage stability greater than one month is achieved through the maintenance of high temperatures, and through atomic and molecular level simulations, we further discover that good solubility in water is maintained due to the presence of platelet surface charges as a result of edge functionalization or intrinsic polarity. Finally, we demonstrate inkjet printing on hard and flexible substrates as a potential application of water-dispersed 2D materials.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9294

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