Membrane stiffening by STOML3 facilitates mechanosensation in sensory neurons

Yanmei Qi, Laura Andolfi, Flavia Frattini, Florian Mayer, Marco Lazzarino and Jing Hu ()
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Yanmei Qi: Sensory Mechanotransduction, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience
Laura Andolfi: Istituto Officina dei Materiali Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Flavia Frattini: Sensory Mechanotransduction, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience
Florian Mayer: Sensory Mechanotransduction, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience
Marco Lazzarino: Istituto Officina dei Materiali Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche
Jing Hu: Sensory Mechanotransduction, Centre for Integrative Neuroscience

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-13

Abstract: Abstract Sensing force is crucial to maintain the viability of all living cells. Despite its fundamental importance, how force is sensed at the molecular level remains largely unknown. Here we show that stomatin-like protein-3 (STOML3) controls membrane mechanics by binding cholesterol and thus facilitates force transfer and tunes the sensitivity of mechano-gated channels, including Piezo channels. STOML3 is detected in cholesterol-rich lipid rafts. In mouse sensory neurons, depletion of cholesterol and deficiency of STOML3 similarly and interdependently attenuate mechanosensitivity while modulating membrane mechanics. In heterologous systems, intact STOML3 is required to maintain membrane mechanics to sensitize Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels. In C57BL/6N, but not STOML3−/− mice, tactile allodynia is attenuated by cholesterol depletion, suggesting that membrane stiffening by STOML3 is essential for mechanical sensitivity. Targeting the STOML3–cholesterol association might offer an alternative strategy for control of chronic pain.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9512

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