Anisotropic in-plane thermal conductivity observed in few-layer black phosphorus

Zhe Luo, Jesse Maassen, Yexin Deng, Yuchen Du, Richard P. Garrelts, Mark S Lundstrom, Peide D. Ye () and Xianfan Xu ()
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Zhe Luo: School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University
Jesse Maassen: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University
Yexin Deng: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University
Yuchen Du: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University
Richard P. Garrelts: School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University
Mark S Lundstrom: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University
Peide D. Ye: Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University
Xianfan Xu: School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-8

Abstract: Abstract Black phosphorus has been revisited recently as a new two-dimensional material showing potential applications in electronics and optoelectronics. Here we report the anisotropic in-plane thermal conductivity of suspended few-layer black phosphorus measured by micro-Raman spectroscopy. The armchair and zigzag thermal conductivities are ∼20 and ∼40 W m−1 K−1 for black phosphorus films thicker than 15 nm, respectively, and decrease to ∼10 and ∼20 W m−1 K−1 as the film thickness is reduced, exhibiting significant anisotropy. The thermal conductivity anisotropic ratio is found to be ∼2 for thick black phosphorus films and drops to ∼1.5 for the thinnest 9.5-nm-thick film. Theoretical modelling reveals that the observed anisotropy is primarily related to the anisotropic phonon dispersion, whereas the intrinsic phonon scattering rates are found to be similar along the armchair and zigzag directions. Surface scattering in the black phosphorus films is shown to strongly suppress the contribution of long mean-free-path acoustic phonons.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9572

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