Anisotropic in-plane thermal conductivity of black phosphorus nanoribbons at temperatures higher than 100 K

Sangwook Lee, Fan Yang, Joonki Suh, Sijie Yang, Yeonbae Lee, Guo Li, Hwan Sung Choe, Aslihan Suslu, Yabin Chen, Changhyun Ko, Joonsuk Park, Kai Liu, Jingbo Li, Kedar Hippalgaonkar, Jeffrey J. Urban, Sefaattin Tongay and Junqiao Wu ()
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Sangwook Lee: University of California
Fan Yang: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Joonki Suh: University of California
Sijie Yang: School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University
Yeonbae Lee: University of California
Guo Li: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Hwan Sung Choe: University of California
Aslihan Suslu: School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University
Yabin Chen: University of California
Changhyun Ko: University of California
Joonsuk Park: Stanford University
Kai Liu: University of California
Jingbo Li: State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Kedar Hippalgaonkar: Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research)
Jeffrey J. Urban: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Sefaattin Tongay: School for Engineering of Matter, Transport, and Energy, Arizona State University
Junqiao Wu: University of California

Nature Communications, 2015, vol. 6, issue 1, 1-7

Abstract: Abstract Black phosphorus attracts enormous attention as a promising layered material for electronic, optoelectronic and thermoelectric applications. Here we report large anisotropy in in-plane thermal conductivity of single-crystal black phosphorus nanoribbons along the zigzag and armchair lattice directions at variable temperatures. Thermal conductivity measurements were carried out under the condition of steady-state longitudinal heat flow using suspended-pad micro-devices. We discovered increasing thermal conductivity anisotropy, up to a factor of two, with temperatures above 100 K. A size effect in thermal conductivity was also observed in which thinner nanoribbons show lower thermal conductivity. Analysed with the relaxation time approximation model using phonon dispersions obtained based on density function perturbation theory, the high anisotropy is attributed mainly to direction-dependent phonon dispersion and partially to phonon–phonon scattering. Our results revealing the intrinsic, orientation-dependent thermal conductivity of black phosphorus are useful for designing devices, as well as understanding fundamental physical properties of layered materials.

Date: 2015
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DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9573

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